Work pathways

For workers with a job offer from a New Zealand employer accredited to hire migrants under the AEWV scheme.

A pathway to permanent residence for workers with experience in Canada's agriculture and agri-food sector.

A pathway to permanent residence for skilled workers and international graduates with a job offer from a designated employer in Atlantic Canada.

For young people aged 18-25 to live with a Dutch host family and take part in cultural exchange.

For non-EU/EEA nationals aged 18-30 to live with a Swedish host family as an au pair.

For young people aged 18-30 to live with a French host family in exchange for childcare and light housework.

For non-EU/EFTA skilled employees with a qualifying job offer, within Switzerland's annual third-country quota.

For unpaid voluntary work for a UK charity, with a licensed sponsor.

For employees of an overseas contractor transferred to work on a contract the contractor has won to provide services to an Irish company.

For creative sector workers (e.g. actors, dancers, models, musicians, entertainers) with a job offer from a licensed UK sponsor.

For skilled workers with a 2-year job offer in an occupation Ireland has identified as critically important to its economy.

Romania's quota-free long-stay work visa track for highly qualified workers, introduced under GEO 32/2026.

For skilled and unskilled workers with an already-secured job offer from a Portuguese employer.

For highly qualified professionals with an employment contract of at least 1 year, at 1.5x the national average salary.

For non-EU remote workers or self-employed digital nomads working for clients/employers outside Portugal.

Italy's annual quota-based work visa for non-EU nationals with a job offer from an Italian (or Italy-resident) employer.

For dependants, partners, and spouses of Critical Skills Employment Permit holders or Researchers on a Hosting Agreement to work in Ireland.

For non-EU remote workers employed by, or freelancing predominantly for, companies outside Spain.

For non-EU remote workers or self-employed digital nomads working for clients/employers outside Italy, outside the Decreto Flussi quota.

For non-EU remote workers, freelancers, or entrepreneurs working for clients/employers outside Estonia.

For executives or managers of a qualifying multinational company, sponsored by its U.S. employer for a green card — no PERM labor certification required.

For advanced-degree or exceptional-ability professionals whose work has substantial merit and national importance, waiving the usual job offer and labor certification requirements.

For workers with at least 2 years of training or experience, sponsored by a U.S. employer through PERM labor certification, for a green card.

Czechia's standard combined work-and-residence permit for non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals with a concrete job offer.

Permanent visa for skilled workers nominated by an Australian employer, Direct Entry stream.

Iceland's standard employer-sponsored work-and-residence route for non-EEA nationals with a confirmed job offer.

For non-EU highly qualified employees with a French job offer at the higher 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified professionals with a job offer from a Swedish employer.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Italy's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a recognized degree, a job offer, and Austria's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Portugal's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Poland's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Czechia's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Hungary's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer meeting Slovakia's Blue Card salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Slovenia's salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Estonia's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Latvia's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at approximately Lithuania's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Greece's confirmed salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Croatia's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Bulgaria's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Romania's confirmed salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Finland's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Luxembourg's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified workers with a binding job offer at Malta's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified professionals with a job offer in the Brussels-Capital Region, at the region's 2026 EU Blue Card salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified professionals with a job offer in Flanders, at the region's 2026 EU Blue Card salary threshold.

For recent graduates with a job offer for highly skilled work from an IND-recognised sponsor, at the reduced 2026 salary threshold.

For recent graduates or regulated-profession applicants with a Spanish job offer, at the reduced 2026 EU Blue Card salary threshold.

For non-EU professionals in a shortage occupation, recent graduates, or qualifying IT specialists, at the reduced 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU professionals with a recognized university degree and a qualifying job offer, at the general 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU professionals with a job offer for highly skilled work from an IND-recognised sponsor, at the general 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified professionals with a Spanish job offer, at the standard 2026 EU Blue Card salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified professionals with a job offer in Wallonia, at the region's 2026 EU Blue Card salary threshold.

For participants in a recognised international exchange agreement (e.g. AIESEC, IAESTE, Fulbright) working in Ireland.

For skilled workers with Canadian work experience who want to become Canadian permanent residents through the Express Entry system.

For qualified tradespeople who want to become Canadian permanent residents through the Express Entry system.

For skilled workers with foreign work experience who want to become Canadian permanent residents through the Express Entry system.

A pathway to permanent residence for French-speaking skilled workers with a job offer from a designated employer in a participating Francophone community outside Quebec.

For EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic, or Liechtenstein citizens who live outside the UK but work in it, and started before 31 December 2020.

For workers with a job offer from an Irish employer, in occupations outside the Critical Skills list.

For leaders or potential leaders in academia/research, arts and culture, or digital technology.

For work experience, training, an Overseas Government Language Programme, or a research/academic exchange through an approved scheme.

For graduate trainees of an overseas business on a structured training programme leading to a managerial or specialist role in its UK branch.

For international students who have successfully completed an eligible UK course, to work or look for work without needing a sponsor.

For workers in a specialty occupation requiring a bachelor's degree or higher in a specific field, petitioned for by a U.S. employer.

For temporary or seasonal agricultural jobs with a U.S. employer who has an approved Temporary Labor Certification. Unlike H-2B, there's no annual numerical cap.

For temporary, seasonal, or peak-load non-agricultural jobs with a U.S. employer who has an approved Temporary Labor Certification, within the program's annual numerical cap.

For qualified doctors, nurses, health professionals, and adult social care professionals with a job offer in an eligible health or social care role.

For recent graduates of eligible top-ranked overseas universities, to work in the UK without a job offer or sponsor.

For non-EU highly qualified professionals in academic or scientific roles with a Spanish job offer, at the reduced 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly qualified professionals with a Spanish job offer, at the standard 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU professionals aged 30 or older with a job offer from an IND-recognised sponsor, at the standard 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU professionals under 30 with a job offer from an IND-recognised sponsor, at the reduced 2026 salary threshold.

For engineers, IT specialists, scientists, athletes, coaches, performers, and film professionals with a qualifying job offer — no salary threshold, unlike the EU Blue Card.

For managers, specialists, and trainee employees transferring within the same multinational company group to an Austrian branch.

For non-EEA employees transferred within a multinational organisation to a related Norwegian entity.

For non-EU/EEA employees transferred within a multinational organisation to a related Swedish entity.

For non-EU employees seconded to a French group entity while remaining employed by their foreign employer.

For young, degree-holding Indian nationals selected in the annual India Young Professionals Scheme ballot, to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years.

For work covered by international law (e.g. employees of foreign governments/international organisations, private servants in diplomatic households).

For elite sportspeople and coaches endorsed by their sport's governing body to play or coach in the UK.

For full-time overseas degree students to complete a Critical Skills-relevant internship with an Irish employer, for up to 12 months.

For senior management, key personnel, or trainees transferring from an overseas branch of a multinational to its Irish branch.

For managers, specialists, or trainees transferring within the same corporate group to a German branch.

For managers, specialists, or trainees transferring within the same corporate group to a Dutch branch.

For participants in an approved Exchange Visitor Program — teaching, research, training, or graduate medical education — sponsored by a State Department-designated organization.

For non-EEA nationals seeking skilled work in Norway without an existing job offer.

For non-EU/EEA nationals with a recent advanced degree seeking work or preparing to start a business in Sweden, without a job offer.

For recent graduates of Luxembourg higher education seeking a job or setting up a business related to their field of study.

For executives or managers transferring from an affiliated foreign office to a U.S. office of the same employer (or establishing a new U.S. office).

For employees with specialized knowledge of a company's product, service, or processes, transferring from an affiliated foreign office to a U.S. office of the same employer.

For ministers of religion, missionaries, and members of religious orders taking up a permanent post with a licensed UK sponsor.

Permanent visa for people with an internationally recognised record of exceptional and outstanding achievement.

For individuals with extraordinary ability in the sciences, education, business, or athletics, petitioned for by a U.S. employer or agent.

Ontario's employer-driven nomination pathway for skilled foreign workers with a qualifying job offer in any NOC occupation, or self-employed physicians without one.

A 1-year job-seeker residence permit, scored on a 6-point grid covering qualification, experience, language, and age.

A 1-year, sponsor-free permit for recent graduates, PhD holders, or former researchers to look for skilled work in the Netherlands.

For domestic workers accompanying their employer to the UK for up to 6 months.

For athletes (or athletic teams) internationally recognized in their sport, coming to compete in a specific athletic competition, petitioned for by a U.S. employer, sponsor, team, or agent.

For non-EU workers with a job offer from a Danish employer meeting the salary threshold, regardless of occupation.

For non-EU workers with a job offer in an occupation on SIRI's official shortage-occupation list.

For recent graduates of a qualifying New Zealand qualification, to work in New Zealand for up to 3 years.

An open work permit for graduates of eligible Canadian designated learning institutions.

For graduates of a German higher education institution to stay up to 18 months to find skilled employment.

For graduates of a Danish higher-education programme to stay and search for work, without a job offer.

Quebec's expression-of-interest-based selection program for skilled workers in highly qualified and specialized occupations (FEER 0, 1, or 2), leading to a Quebec Selection Certificate (CSQ) and then federal permanent residence.

For ministers and religious workers coming to work at least part-time for a bona fide U.S. non-profit religious organization.

For non-EEA nationals who previously held a valid employment permit and fell out of the immigration system through no fault of their own, or were exploited, to work legally again.

For citizens of eligible Pacific nations with a job offer from a Recognised Seasonal Employer, to work in New Zealand's horticulture and viticulture industries.

For non-EU graduates of a recognized Austrian university with a qualifying job offer at Austrian-graduate pay.

For non-EU key workers with a job offer, Austria's 2026 salary floor, and a passing points-grid score.

For non-EU skilled workers with a job offer in a listed shortage occupation and a passing points-grid score.

For religious workers (e.g. members of a religious order, missionaries) doing preaching or pastoral work for a licensed UK sponsor.

For non-EEA remote professionals working for non-Icelandic employers or clients while living in Iceland.

For employees of an overseas newspaper, news agency, or broadcasting organisation posted to the UK long-term.

For non-EEA researchers with a hosting agreement from an accredited Irish research institution, to carry out a research project without needing a separate employment permit.

For non-EU researchers with a genuine research position at a Danish university or research institution.

Liechtenstein's residence permit for EEA nationals in gainful employment, capped by one of Europe's most restrictive annual quotas.

Finland's standard employer-sponsored residence permit for non-EU nationals with a confirmed job offer, at a lower salary floor than the Specialist/Blue Card routes.

For non-EU/EEA researchers with a hosting agreement from an approved Swedish research principal.

A pathway to permanent residence for skilled workers with a job offer from a designated employer in one of 14 participating rural Canadian communities.

Luxembourg's standard employer-sponsored work authorization for non-EU nationals, below the EU Blue Card's salary tier.

For workers with a job offer of at least 6 months from a Home Office-approved, fast-growing UK scale-up business.

For non-EU researchers with a hosting agreement with an IND-recognised Dutch research institution.

For non-EU workers to work temporarily in Dutch agriculture or horticulture, for up to 24 weeks.

For non-EU/EEA nationals doing temporary seasonal work in Sweden.

For non-EEA nationals doing seasonal work in Norway (forestry, agriculture, fish processing, restaurant, or tourism).

For seasonal edible horticulture or poultry-production work with a licensed UK sponsor.

For non-EU workers with a seasonal employment contract in France, for up to 6 months within a 12-month period.

For employees seconded to the UK under a high-value contract between their overseas employer and a UK sponsor.

For employees of an overseas business being assigned to work at its UK branch, subsidiary, or joint venture.

For overseas employees or self-employed contractors providing a service to a UK business under an international trade agreement.

For non-EU researchers with a hosting agreement with a certified Austrian research institution.

For non-EU workers with a job offer in one of Lithuania's ~110 officially designated shortage occupations, within the annual quota.

Malta's combined work-and-residence permit for third-country nationals, tied to a specific employer and role.

For non-EU highly skilled employees with a job offer in the Brussels-Capital Region, at the region's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly skilled employees with a job offer in Flanders, at the region's 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU highly skilled employees with a job offer in Wallonia, at the region's 2026 salary threshold.

Greece's combined work-and-residence permit for non-EU nationals with a job offer, under the EU Single Permit Directive.

Slovakia's combined work-and-residence permit for non-EU nationals with a confirmed job offer.

Slovenia's combined work-and-residence permit for third-country nationals with a job offer from a registered Slovenian employer.

Croatia's combined work-and-residence permit for third-country nationals with a confirmed job offer.

Provisional visa letting regional employers sponsor skilled workers for designated regional areas of Australia.

A permanent visa for invited skilled workers to live and work anywhere in Australia, points-tested, no state/territory or family sponsorship needed.

For skilled workers with a qualifying job or job offer who want to become New Zealand residents.

A permanent visa for skilled workers nominated by an Australian state or territory government to live and work in Australia.

A provisional visa for skilled workers nominated by a state/territory or sponsored by an eligible relative, to live and work in regional Australia.

For non-EEA skilled workers with a qualifying job offer from a Norwegian employer.

For workers with a confirmed job offer from a UK employer approved by the Home Office to sponsor skilled workers.

For non-EU professionals with a university degree and a matching job offer paid at the customary local wage.

For non-EU professionals with a recognized vocational qualification and a matching job offer paid at the customary local wage.

A temporary visa letting an employer sponsor a suitably skilled worker for a position they can't fill locally.

For professional sportspeople and cultural sector workers with a job offer from an Irish employer.

Bulgaria's standard employer-sponsored work authorization for non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals.

For people with a Tier 1 Green List (in-demand) job or job offer, to go straight to New Zealand residence.

For non-EU workers with a job offer from a SIRI-certified Danish employer meeting a lower salary threshold.

For non-EU artists and performers with exceptional talent and a French cultural organisation agreement.

For non-EU employees transferring within the same corporate group to a French group entity.

For non-EU qualified employees with a French job offer at or above the 2026 salary threshold.

For non-EU researchers and teaching-researchers with a hosting agreement with a French research institution.

A post-study work visa for international students who have recently graduated with a degree from an Australian institution.

A post-study work visa for international students who have recently graduated with an associate degree, diploma, or trade qualification relevant to an occupation Australia needs.

A second post-study work visa for regional graduates who already hold a first Temporary Graduate visa and have lived in a designated regional area for at least 2 years.

For Canadian and Mexican citizens seeking temporary entry to work in a USMCA-listed professional occupation.

For non-EEA nationals aged 18-30 with a full-time trainee employment offer matching their field of study.

For non-EU/EEA nationals with a recent higher-education qualification and a paid traineeship/internship offer related to their studies.

Poland's primary employer-sponsored work authorization for non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals.

For foreign nationals serving as a member of the management board of a Polish company, residing in Poland more than 6 months per 12-month period.

For Commonwealth citizens (and certain British nationals) with a UK-born grandparent who can and plan to work in the UK.

For overseas employees of a business establishing its first UK branch or subsidiary.

For non-EU/EEA/Swiss remote workers or self-employed digital nomads with foreign-sourced income, living in Hungary.

Latvia's standard employer-sponsored work authorization for non-EU/EEA nationals with a confirmed job offer.

For non-EU/EEA workers with a qualifying job offer from a Swedish employer.

For people who have worked 24 months in a Tier 2 Green List (in-demand) job, to move to New Zealand residence.

For young citizens of Ireland's bilateral Working Holiday Agreement partner countries to holiday and work in Ireland for up to a year.

For young citizens of Argentina, Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, Taiwan, or Uruguay to live and work in the Netherlands for up to 12 months.

For young citizens of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Korea, or Taiwan to live and work in Belgium for up to 12 months.

For young citizens of France's fourteen standard Working Holiday Programme partner countries to live and work in France for up to 12 months.

For young citizens of Germany's ten standard Working Holiday Programme partner countries to live and work in Germany for up to 12 months.

For young Australian or Canadian citizens to live and work in Denmark.

For young Canadian citizens to live and work in France for up to 12 months, at Canada's own confirmed wider age bracket.

For young New Zealand citizens to live and work in Denmark.

For young Korean citizens to live and work in Germany for up to 12 months, at Korea's own confirmed wider age bracket.

For young South Korean citizens to live and work in Denmark.

For young citizens of Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Japan, New Zealand, or South Korea to live and work in Sweden for up to a year.

For young citizens of Andorra, Iceland, Japan, Monaco, San Marino, or Uruguay to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years.

For young Australian, Canadian, New Zealand, or South Korean citizens to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years.

For young Hong Kong SAR passport holders or Taiwan citizens selected in the annual Youth Mobility Scheme ballot.